1/3/2024 0 Comments Wifi strahlung gesundheitHowever, reports still appear showing biological effects apparently occurring at very low levels (and often related to modulation effects). A discussion of 'photon energy' showed the unlikelihood of significant changes occurring. The applicability of the principle of physics in all systems was elegantly explained and it was emphasised that the simple conservation laws (energy, motion, charge) were applicable and that biology was no exception. An interaction mechanism capable of detecting the difference between a modulated and a non-modulated signal must be either fast enough to respond to the carrier frequency or sensitive to the power changes occurring at the modulation frequency. As the technology has advanced it has been necessary to change the modulation and it has been speculated that this could have an adverse effect on biological systems. Transmission of information by mobile telephony is via modulation of the central or carrier wave. Peter Valberg, Gradient Corporation, USA, 'Modulated RF energy' The recommended procedure for evaluation of exposure and demonstration of compliance is dosimetric evaluation under worst-case conditions. For the devices tested it was found that: Worst-case peak spatial SAR values were close to public exposure limits e.g., IEEE802.11b and Bluetooth class I devices Maximum incident field exposures at 1 m can significantly exceed those of base stations (typically 0.1 -1 V m -1 ) and at very close distances the derived reference levels are exceeded Exposure assessment (SAR determination) and the development of a compliance procedure were described. These include DECT (digital enhanced cordless telecommunication) Bluetooth, Wireless LANs (IEEE 802.11) and a variety wireless PC peripherals (wireless mice, 27and 40 MHz, wireless keyboard, 27 MHz) and baby surveillance devices. This talk set out the background to and results of exposure assessments, related to the growing use of wireless connectivity technologies. Niels Kuster, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Switzerland, 'Assessment of human exposure by electromagnetic radiation from wireless devices in home and office environments'. The talk described three such Recommendations which help the user assess whether precautionary measures are required to protect the public and occupational personal from hazardous fields, based on the EMF reference levels for the particular case of interest. This is the case with respect to Recommendations addressing the measurement and calculation of EM fields. Being conscious of the basic restrictions and reference levels promulgated by regulatory agencies and standards bodies, ITU Recommendations make reference to them where appropriate. With regard to health effects from EM radiation, the ITU has no direct role to play. private houses, hot-spots Wider area networks -broadband within a metropolitan area Even wider possibilities through cellular networks -looking to 3G & further. Other areas for wireless connectivity were described including: PAN (personal)-LAN -MAN -WAN Short-range devices -with personal devices WiFi -now commonly deployed, e.g. ![]() The workshop heard about the chronology of the developments of 2G, 3G and to systems beyond, (high data rates) and WLAN connection to laptops through local area networks. Wireless access systems with the vision of anywhere/anytime connection were described. This talk set out the activities of the ITU (International Telecommunication Union) and in particular the activities of the ITU-R, which has responsibilities for radiocommunication standards and spectrum management. Kevin Hughes, ITU, Switzerland 'International Standardization of wireless technologies and EMF'.
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